Clean Production Action named polypropylene, along with polyethylene, one of the “most benign” plastics in their Plastics Scorecard, which evaluates the hazardous effects of various plastics.
According to its Safety Data Sheet, polypropylene has not been found to be carcinogenic by several safety organizations including the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) and the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA).
Not all polypropylene, however, is created equal. Plastics are often made with fillers, plasticizers, and additives to enhance their functionality. A single plastic product can contain dozens of added chemicals. Polypropylene is less likely than many other plastics to contain fillers, plasticizers and additives but they may still be present. Unfortunately, without better disclosure from manufactures about the content of specific plastic materials we can only speak about toxicity and safety in general terms.
While polypropylene is relatively stable, and it is generally considered a safer plastic for food and drink, it has also been shown to leach plastic additives. In one study, pure polypropylene resin did not leach any endocrine disrupting chemicals but common food containers made with polypropylene did leach. Leaching from plastic food containers is increased with heat, duration of contact, and acidity of the food or drink. So, consider how the item is being used and how you will be exposed to it. For example, a water bottle made of polypropylene that has only brief contact with the water is less likely to leach than a container used to store hot tomato soup.
Avoiding any plastic is ideal because it not only poses risk to human health but it is harmful to the environment. But, if you must use products made with polypropylene, the risk of exposure is probably low.
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