Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC or Vinyl) is a high-strength thermoplastic material. It is widely used in applications such as pipes, medical devices, and wire & cable insulation and so on. It is the world's third-most widely produced synthetic plastic polymer.
It is white, brittle solid material available in powder form or granules. PVC is now replacing traditional building materials in several applications. These materials include wood, metal, concrete, rubber, ceramics, etc. in several applications. This is due to its versatile properties such as: lightweight/durable, /low cost, and easy processability.
2. What are the key properties of PVC?
Electrical Properties: PVC is a good insulation material.
Durability: PVC is resistant to weathering, chemical rotting, corrosion, shock, and abrasion.
Flame Retardancy: pvc gives excellent fire performance and mechanical properties.
Cost/Performance Ratio: PVC has good physical mechanical, excellent cost-performance advantages. It has a long life span and needs low maintenance.
Mechanical Properties/Chemical Resistance
3.How additives affect PVC properties?
PVC resin obtained from polymerization is extremely unstable. This is due to its low thermal stability and high melt viscosity. It needs to be modified before processing into finished products. Its properties can be enhanced or modified by adding several additives. Selecting additives dependent on end application requirements.
Plasticizers are used as softening agents. It can enhance the rheological properties of vinyl products by raising the temperature. They are also added to increase mechanical performance such as toughness and strength.
Heat Stabilizers
PVC has very low thermal stability. Stabilizers help prevent the degradation of polymer during processing or exposure to light. When subjected to heat, vinyl compounds initiate a self-accelerating dehydrochlorination reaction. These stabilizers neutralize the HCl produced enhancing the life of the polymer.
Fillers are added to PVC compounds for a variety of reasons.
External lubricants assist in the smooth passage of PVC melt through processing equipment.
Internal lubricants reduce melt viscosity, prevent overheating, and ensure good color of the product.
Other additives like processing aids and impact modifiers are added to enhance mechanical as well as surface properties of PVC.
PVC is one of the most important thermoplastics in the world today. It is available in many forms. Rigid PVC (unplasticized) is one of the most widely used plastic materials. PVC finds use in construction, domestic, packaging, automotive, medical, toys, clothing, wires, and cables.
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