Polyformaldehyde (POM) is a kind of engineering plastic with excellent properties, which is known as "taking steel" and "super steel" in foreign countries. POM has similar hardness, strength and rigidity to metal, and has good self-lubrication, good fatigue resistance, and elasticity over a wide range of temperature and humidity, in addition to good chemical resistance.
At a lower cost than many other engineering plastics, POM is replacing some of the markets traditionally occupied by metals, such as replacing zinc, brass, aluminum and steel to make many parts.POM has been widely used in electronic and electrical, machinery, instruments, daily light industry, automobiles, building materials, agriculture and other fields. In many new fields of application, such as medical technology, sports equipment, etc., POM also showed a good growth trend.
Performance characteristics of POM:
POM has a high thermal deformation temperature, and the continuous use temperature is about 100℃.
The low temperature resistance is good, and the glass transition temperature is -40~60℃.
Excellent creep resistance, at room temperature, 21MPa load conditions, after 3 000 hours, the creep value is only 2.3%.
Good fatigue resistance, under the condition of 107 alternating times, the fatigue strength is still maintained at 35 MPa.
Good wear resistance, friction coefficient is only 0.21, lower than nylon, and has self-lubricating effect, low noise.
Excellent insulation performance, even in high temperature, high humidity environment can still maintain good arc resistance.
Good oil resistance, high resistance to fats and organic solvents.
The water absorption rate is low, not more than 0.3%, and the water has little impact on the molding process, and it is not necessary to pre-dry.
POM modification methods are commonly used:
Chemical modification:
Toughening modification
There are generally two methods, one is to add elastomers to improve the toughness of POM and improve its impact strength.
Another toughening method is non-elastic toughening, that is, the selection of toughness or rigid materials with excellent comprehensive properties and POM mixing, common nylon or copolymerized nylon and so on.
Reinforced filling modification
Filling modification is to add inorganic or organic fillers in the plastic molding process to reduce the raw material cost of plastic products to achieve incremental purposes.POM is often reinforced with glass fiber, which can improve its tensile strength and dimensional stability, but the wear resistance will be reduced.
Other modifications
Mainly for POM wear resistance, flame retardant, weather resistance and other performance improvement.
The method of introducing the required chain segments into the POM molecular chain by grafting, block, etc. While maintaining the balance of other POM properties, strengthen or give the material specific performance for certain uses. For example, POM used in automotive industry components is often very stable for its weather resistance and UV resistance, and the modified material does not change color more than 2ΔE under 600kJ/m2 xenon lamp irradiation.
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